Humain, an AI-focused subsidiary of Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund (PIF), is partnering with Nvidia to build up to 500MW of data centers in the Gulf country.

The announcement comes on the heels of President Donald Trump’s visit to Saudi Arabia, where he was accompanied by various tech leaders including Jensen Huang, Elon Musk, and Sam Altman.

Humain also announced a similar deal with rival chipmaker AMD to supply another 500MW worth of data centers across the US and Saudi, as well as partnerships with Amazon Web Services.

Nvidia will first deliver 18,000 GB300 chips for a single supercomputer, with “several hundred thousand” more superchips in the pipeline over the next five years. The GB300 combines the Grace Arm CPU with the B300 GPU.

The quantity of chips is significant given the scale of global demand, which has left the company struggling to create and allocate supply.

The company’s real-time 3D graphics collaboration platform Omniverse will also be deployed in industries including “manufacturing, logistics, and energy.”

The deal also touched upon “sovereign AI” for Saudi Arabia. Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang said that “AI, like electricity and Internet, is essential infrastructure for every nation.”

The two organizations said that they would collaborate on “upskilling and training initiatives” by providing Saudi citizens with “hands-on experience in advanced AI, simulation, robotics and digital twin technologies.” Nvidia thus joins the ranks of Huawei, which is also planning ‘Future Skill Center’ in the country to train 25,000 people in AI, cloud, and big data over the next five years.

The AI industry has become more sensitive to state concerns about sovereignty. OpenAI recently made its operations in various Asian countries compliant with local data residency requirements, and just last week, the company said it would develop up to ten Stargate projects for “interested governments” worldwide.

The Trump administration also announced yesterday that it would overhaul Biden’s AI diffusion rule, which sorted all countries into tiers that would determine the degree of access to AI chips and model weights. The rule, which would have gone into effect on May 15, had placed Saudi Arabia in ‘Tier 2,’ which imposed validated end-user programs amongst other stipulations.

Humain, led by former CEO of Rakuten Mobile Tareq Amin, was announced only a day before Trump’s visit.

PIF is the country’s sovereign wealth fund, created in 1971, with $925bn worth of assets under management.

Saudi Arabia is aiming to reduce its dependence on oil revenues through economic diversification. Initiated by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Vision 2030 involves investments in digital infrastructure and data centers, which have enabled operators including AWS, Google, Oracle, and Microsoft to establish a presence in the region.

The majority of the country’s data centers are located in Riyadh, the capital, and Dammam, a city on the eastern coast.