The impact and cost of outages is growing, and remains a major industry concern in spite of improving technology and better management of availability. This presentation will explore the changing causes of outages – ranging from software and IT configuration issues to network and power issues, and including the role of human error. It will also cover innovation and investment in cloud-based and distributed resiliency, which may have helped reduce the impact of site-level failures, but possibly introduced error-prone complexity as well.