Apple data centers consumed some 2.344 billion kWh of electricity in 2023 to power its data centers and colocation facilities around the world, up from 2.14 billion kWh the year before.

The company operates seven of its own data centers (down from eight in 2022), along with an undisclosed number of colocation deployments. Both are matched by 100 percent renewable PPAs.

In its Environmental Progress Report, the company said that its Mesa, Arizona, deployment was its largest, at 488 million kWh. 82 percent of the power came from solar - including a 4.67MW onsite deployment at its car park - and 18 percent wind.

The company's Maiden, North Carolina, data center used 453 million kWh, with 82 percent of power sourced from solar and 12 percent from wind.

Next was the Reno, Nevada, facility, at 440 million kWh, with the power entirely coming from solar. That includes the 20MW Fort Churchill Solar Array, which uses curved mirrors that concentrate sunlight onto photovoltaic cells.

Prineville, Oregon, used 269 million kWh. That came from a power mix of 60 percent wind, 38 percent solar, and two percent micro-hydro. The company took over a micro-hydro deployment in the state in 2013, with the Earth By Design project built next to an irrigation canal. Apple said that it now has two such micro-hydro projects.

Two data centers in China use 171 million kWh combined, with power split evenly between solar and wind. Due to local regulations, the data centers are not run by Apple.

The company's facility in Viborg, Denmark, clocked in at just 40 million kWh. The power breakdown was not disclosed, but Apple said that the resilient substation meant that the Danish data center does not need backup diesel generators. In 2019, the company canceled plans for a $921 million second data center in the country.

As for colocation, it split energy use into US and international, with the company using 387 and 96 million kWh, respectively. That means colocation data centers accounted for approximately 20.6 percent of its IT footprint.

Apple's colocation data center energy use fell for the first time in its history, down slightly to 483 million kWh from a 2022 peak of 487.9. For the past five years up to 2022, Apple's colocation power consumption grew by an average of 14.49 percent.

Not included in the report, however, is Apple's cloud usage. The company has long been a Google Cloud customer, and is believed to be the platform's single biggest storage customer. Last year, it began using Google to develop foundation AI models.

In 2019, it was reported that Apple was spending more than $30 million a month on Amazon Web Services.